This module includes, the basics of centrifugation, effects of gravity on particles in suspension, operation of a centrifuge, differential centrifugation, basic components, hazards and safety.

GFP Recovery begins with the arrival of the broth tank. A sterile hose is run from the broth tank to the Disk-Stack Centrifuge, and the tank is pressurized to drive the broth into the centrifuge. Once the centrifuge reaches a stable running speed...the inlet valve is opened and broth enters the bowl. The centrifugal force causes the solids to collect on the sides of the bowl - much like the spin cycle on your clothes washer. The liquid flows through and out of the centrifuge. As more broth enters the bowl, it displaces the clarified liquid to the top of the bowl where it exits, while the cells continue to build up on the bowl surface. The centrifuge has an integrated R-P-M monitor. If the unit is not rotating at a stable running speed, the controller will alarm and shut it down. The liquid leaving the bowl is known as the clarified stream, because almost all the solids have been removed. The solids are the E.coli cells, and they contain the product. A sensor monitors the clarified stream for percent solids. When the bowl has reached capacity for solids, the bowl opens and the solids are discharged into an appropriate container for collection. Once the solids are discharged, the centrifugation step can resume, while the clarified liquid is waste. At this point, the cells are in a paste form, and although most of the liquid has been removed, our cell paste is still about forty percent liquid by weight. The remaining liquid contains high levels of metabolites and salts that could complicate downstream processing, so we're going to lower those levels by washing the cells. The cell paste is suspended in a buffered solution and then run through the centrifuge again. As the clarified liquid leaves the centrifuge this time, it carries many of the contaminants from the fermentation step with it.

In this lesson, we'll learn about the 2 most important tools to identify chemical hazards: , Safety Data Sheets (SDS) and , Chemical Labels Many of the chemicals we use in the lab are potentially dangerous, especially under high heat, pressure, or when they're mixed with other chemicals.

This discussion was originally presented at the Plant Grafting Workshop hosted at Wilkes Community College in April 2009. In this video, Bill Hanlin of the Wilkes Cooperative Extension Service, explains a bit of the history behind plant grafting.

This module includes, basics of Chromatography, affinity, ion exchange, size exclusion, part and functions associated with chromatography.

This series of lectures was originally presented on January 9, 2009 at the "Particle Fundamentals Forum" hosted at BTEC on NCSU's Centennial Campus and is now available for you to see ON-DEMAND! You will learn about particles, what they are, how they are detected, forces on particles, and the types of instruments used to quantify these contaminants. Professionals with real-world experience will discuss on the mechanics of detecting particulate, the benefits and considerations of various monitoring techniques, and will also offer insight on the future trends associated with contamination and contamination control.

This plant grafting demonstration was originally presented at the Plant Grafting Workshop hosted at Wilkes Community College in April 2009. In this video, Ronald Dollyhite, Lead Instructor, Horticulture Technology at Wilkes Community College, demonstrates how to perform a cleft graft.

Panalists: Angela Kimel, Laurin Mancour, Jennifer Pullum, & Vernon Shoaf Are you thinking about starting a career in clinical research? Do you have a healthcare background? Are looking for new career opportunities? Do you want to learn more before beginning a degree program at a community college or university? November's BioForum places the spotlight on the growing clinical research industry in North Carolina. We'll discuss current and future developments in clinical research, educational opportunities across the state, and preview an exciting new online course that will debut in December. Foundations of Clinical Research is a 2-week online course designed to provide you with a fundamental understanding of the clinical research industry. This online course features highly interactive, scenario-based learning activities. You will work through each activity at your own pace and explore the key principles necessary to begin a career in clinical research.

Panelist: Holly Weir, Environment Sector Project Director, NCCCS Code Green Curriculum Improvement Project Workforce training in North Carolina is getting a "green" makeover. North Carolina's economy has changed to include a greater concentration of sustainability products, processes, practices, and technologies. North Carolina Community Colleges have emerged as a primary driver in the state's sustainability sector. The Code Green Super CIP aims to integrate sustainability skills across the curriculum beginning in the areas of energy, building, environment, transportation, and engineering technology. By incorporating sustainability skills and knowledge into curriculum programs, colleges are better able to prepare students for success in the 21st century workforce.

We'll be using TFF for two different tasks within the purification process: Concentration and Diafiltration. As the solution moves through the TFF apparatus, it leaves the supply tank...is pulled through a pump...past a pressure sensor...and then across the filter membrane. Everything that passes through the membrane, including the buffer solution, is known as permeate – and for this process - is sent to waste. The GFP protein is larger than the pores of the membrane and is retained. The retained material – called Retentate – is recirculated to the supply tank. Recirculation of the feed continues until the desired concentration of GFP is achieved. Following concentration, and while the protein solution is recirculating, a new storage buffer solution is added to the feed. In effect, the protein is being washed by the flow of a new buffer solution in, and the old buffer solution out. As this diafiltration step proceeds, the buffer solution that's being added to the feed replaces the buffer solution that the GFP was originally in, effectively removing any remaining salt as well. When this process is complete, the GFP solution is routed through a point-two-two micron final filter...and then collected in appropriate containers – usually bottles or bags. The Purification process is complete. The Green Fluorescent Protein concentrate can now move downstream to final Fill-Finish to be freeze-dried and packaged.

This webinar will cover the topic of "designing and implementing an effective cleaning and disinfection program," and will bring clarity to the cleaning and disinfection process by covering industry trends, regulatory expectations, and essential elements needed to keep the cleanroom in control. You will learn how to choose and apply cleaners and disinfectants properly depending on the surface, environment and product, which will reduce labor costs and commodity usage. This will include sanitization of a Class 100/10,000 pharmaceutical cleanroom, proper equipment cleaning/disinfection procedures, and validation of disinfectant performance and application. In the end, you will be able to develop validation protocols and a proper cleaning and disinfection program to suit the needs of your company.

There can be tens of thousands of cells in one milliliter of culture medium. So how are cells counted? The process requires diluting the cell culture, dying the cells, and loading the cells into a hemocytometer. A hemocytometer is a modified microscope slide with two chambers. Each chamber is divided into 9 squares. There are specific guidelines for counting cells within the squares. In this video, we'll demonstrate the process of counting cells using a hemocytometer. We'll also work through some of the typical calculations that accompany cell counting. Our hope is that after viewing this video, you will feel more confident and be better prepared to try counting cells in a hands-on lab experience.

Asheville, NC has become a destination for craft beverage producers-with about 20 such facilities in the immediate area-and for fans of both those beverages and the outdoorsy, artsy vibe of Asheville, itself. Asheville-Buncombe Technical Community College, or "A-B Tech," offers the NC Community Colleges' Brewing, Distillation & Fermentation training curriculum, the first of its kind in the nation. This program highlights the importance of that preparation for brewing-related jobs with input from industry reps, trainers and trainees.

This is a quick look at an important addition to the local scene, both in social and economic terms. Blue Ridge Community College's (Flat Rock, NC) Brewing, Distillation & Fermentation curriculum offerings have created job skills for many people who have found employment in local breweries, large and small. Interviews with industry reps, trainers and trainees highlight the success of the partnership between industry and education.

A look at the craft beverage training that takes place in tiny Wentworth, North Carolina, and the impact that it has-and can have-on the surrounding area. Interviews with industry reps, instructors and trainees paint a picture of an inviting career path for people in the growing world of craft brewing.

This program surveys the craft brewing movement that has swept across North Carolina in recent years, and highlights how our community colleges prepare people for work in the industry. Remarks from industry representatives and trainers underscore the importance of our groundbreaking training curriculum, which includes both certificate programs and the nation's first two-year Associate Degree in Brewing, Distillation & Fermentation.

Crosswalking is the mapping of equivalent or near-equivalent codes between two different code sets. The most important type of crosswalking today is between ICD-10-CM and ICD-9-CM. Watch this video to find out more about crosswalking and learn the basics of this important process.

The field of bioethics merges various aspects of several disciplines, including biology, medicine, politics, and law. The role of human subjects in the investigation of therapeutics gives rise to several concerns within the realm of bioethics, with such concerns increasing over time. This presentation will provide an overview of several areas with respect to bioethics, including: (1) ensuring the safety of study participants in human clinical trials as it relates to the process of obtaining and ensuring informed consent, (2) the use of drugs that have not yet been approved by the FDA for patients who have no other treatment options available under compassion use principles, (3) the ownership of biological samples isolated from patients, and (4) the patentability of isolated gene sequences. Panelist: Sheila Mikhail, founder of Life Sciences Law (LSL)

This video examines the keys to DNA extraction and the history of heredity research.

The "Experiments in Biotechnology" video series is a production of NCCCS BioNetwork in partnership with Haywood and Western Piedmont Community Colleges and features demonstrations of 8 laboratory experiments.