This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Chemical and Electrical Signals. Learning Objectives

Identify the major glands and body structures involved in hormone synthesis in vertebrates and recall the functions of selected hormones produced by these glands
Describe the hormone pathway in given examples, including blood glucose, hunger, metamorphosis, stress, and/or sex, and make predictions on how an animal would respond to given stimuli for each case
Recognize instances of negative feedback loops, positive feedback loops, and crosstalk in the example hormone pathways

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Chemical and Electrical Signals. Learning Objectives

Describe the generalized steps in processing sensory information and relaying it to the nervous system
Explain how the magnitude or degree of the stimulus (analog data) is accurately communicated via action potentials (digital signals) to the CNS
Distinguish between the functions and mechanisms of five classes of sensory receptors
Compare and contrast how touch, hearing, pain, sight, taste, and smell signals are detected, transmitted, and interpreted by the brain

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Chemical and Electrical Signals. Learning Objectives

Explain the roles of ATP, cytoskeletal proteins, and motor proteins in cilia, flagella, and muscle in controlling cell and organism movement
Describe the structure of the muscle and explain the role of this structure in muscle contraction and regulation of muscle contraction
Explain the process of the cross-bridge cycle
Explain the process by which the nervous system and the sarcoplasmic reticulum regulate muscle contraction

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Chemical and Electrical Signals. Learning Objectives

Define motor units and explain how the nervous system regulates graded muscle contractions (muscle tension)
Define and explain the physiological differences between fast-, slow-, and intermediate-twitch muscle fibers
Compare and contrast hydrostatic skeletons, exoskeletons, and endoskeletons

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Chemical and Electrical Signals. Learning Objectives

Describe different types of nervous systems in different animal lineages
Identify and describe basic structures and functions of the central and peripheral nervous systems
Describe the roles of and differentiate between the divisions of the vertebrate nervous system (afferent, efferent, somatic, autonomic, sympathetic, parasympathetic)
Define learning and memory, and explain the roles of the hippocampus, the cerebral cortex, neuroplasticity, and synaptic plasticity in learning and memory

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Chemical and Electrical Signals. Learning Objectives

Describe the structure and function of neurons
Interpret an action potential graph and explain the molecular mechanisms underlying each step of the action potential
Describe the structure and function of neuronal synapses and the role of neurotransmitters at the synapse

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Chemical and Electrical Signals. Learning Objectives

Identify the hormones that regulate specific plant behaviors and describe their role in that behavior, including auxin, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, ethylene, systemin, and methyl salicylate
Recognize the stimulus that provokes a specific plant behavior, including phototropism, gravitropism, germination, thigmotropism, water/water stress and pathogen/herbivory defense
Describe the pathways that regulates plant behaviors, including phototropism, gravitropism, germination, thigmotropism, water/water stress, and pathogen/herbivory defense
Interpret and predict outcomes of experiments manipulating plant signaling pathways

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Chemical and Electrical Signals. Learning Objectives

Differentiate between the types of cell signals (autocrine, endocrine, etc) and the classes of hormones (polypeptide, amino acid, and steroid)
Define signal transduction and describe the general pathways of signal transduction and amplification for steroid vs non-steroid hormones
Define and recognize crosstalk and other sources of complexity in signaling pathways
Define and differentiate between positive and negative feedback loops in hormonal control
Define quorum sensing and describe the role of cell signaling in life history and pathogenicity of microbes

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Nutrition Transport and Homeostasis. Learning Objectives

Compare and contrast the organization/function of circulatory systems, including gastrovascular cavity, open, closed, single, and double systems
Identify and describe the functions of different types of blood vessels (artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein), including their basic structure
Describe and identify the functions of the different components of blood
Describe the process of gas, nutrient, and fluid exchange between capillaries and tissues

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Nutrition Transport and Homeostasis. Learning Objectives

Distinguish between osmoregulators and osmoconformers, and give examples of each type of organism and their respective environments
Identify and describe the steps involved in producing urine
Identify the roles of active and passive water/ion movement in animals
Describe the origin of nitrogenous wastes, patterns of nitrogen excretion in different animal lineages, and benefits for each form of nitrogenous waste

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Nutrition Transport and Homeostasis. Learning Objectives

Compare and contrast complete and incomplete digestive tracts
Identify and explain variation of digestive tract function in animal lineages, including teeth, gizzard, crop, cecum, rumen, and appendix
Describe the steps of mechanical and chemical digestion, and nutrient absorption using the human digestive system as a model

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Nutrition Transport and Homeostasis. Learning Objectives

Describe the formation and structure of soil
Explain and describe how root hair cells acquire water, ions and minerals using proton pumps and transport pathways
Compare and contrast the role of bacteria and fungi in nutrient acquisition by plant roots

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Nutrition Transport and Homeostasis. Learning Objectives

Distinguish essential, beneficial, macro- and micro-nutrient requirements for plants and animals
Predict the symptoms of nutrient deficiencies in plants and animals
Describe the diversity of adaptations for acquisition of nutrients in plants and animals

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Nutrition Transport and Homeostasis. Learning Objectives

Explain the functional adaptations of gas exchange surfaces in animals using Fick’s Law (surface area, distance, concentration gradients and perfusion)
Apply the Law of Partial Pressures to predict direction of gas movement in solution
Compare and contrast the structure/function of gills, tracheae, and lungs
Describe the reversible binding of O2 to hemoglobin (dissociation curves)
Predict the effects of pH, temperature, and CO2 concentrations on hemoglobin affinity for O2

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Nutrition Transport and Homeostasis. Learning Objectives

Distinguish between the thermoregulators classified as endotherms and ectotherms, homeotherms, heterotherms, and poikilotherms
Explain the mechanisms that animals use to regulate their body temperature: including circulatory adaptations, metabolic activity, insulation, torpor, and behavioral adaptations exploiting the processes of conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Describe the mechanisms used by plants to tolerate temporary drought and flooding*
Describe the photosynthetic adaptations of C4 and CAM plants to dry conditions*

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Nutrition Transport and Homeostasis. Learning Objectives

Distinguish sources and sinks for plant sugars
Explain the mechanism responsible for pressure flow model of sugar transport in phloem
Compare and contrast the mechanisms driving fluid flow in xylem and phloem

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Nutrition Transport and Homeostasis. Learning Objectives

Diagram the structure and function of the mammalian heart, including all four chambers, valves, major blood vessels, and nodes essential for electrical conduction pathways
Explain the process of electrical activation of the cardiac cycle
Describe mechanisms for controlling heart rate and cardiac output

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Nutrition Transport and Homeostasis. Learning Objectives

Describe the structure and function of each region of the mammalian nephron (glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, Loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct)
Recognize the roles of active/passive transport, osmotic gradients, and countercurrent exchange in nephron function
Explain integrated hormonal regulation of water/ion regulation by the mammalian kidney

This resource is included in GA Tech Biology course "Bio 1520" in module Nutrition Transport and Homeostasis. Learning Objectives

Predict movement of water in plants by applying the principles of water potential
Describe the typical water potential gradient in plants under normal, salty, or dry soil conditions
Describe the three hypotheses explaining water movement in plant xylem, and evidence for each

This "Gel Electrophoresis" learning object is the from the Sumanas resource series. Sumanas offers a robust selection of content and services that are directed at enhancing the learning experience.